RESUMO
To observe the clinical and bio-chemical profile of patients having normal coronary angiogram following an abnormal stress test. This was a single center retrospective, descriptive study. Coronary angiograms done from July 2009 to December 2011 were retrieved and reviewed for normal coronary arteries. Clinical and bio-chemical profile of the patients having normal coronary angiogram was retrieved from hospital record. Patients, whose computerized data could not be retrieved from department database, were excluded from the study. Out of 8425 angiograms reviewed, 816[9.7%] were having normal coronary arteries. Mean age was 4 +/- 27.4 years. Females were 66.7%. Clinical and biochemical profile for normal coronary angiograms was as follows: smokers 59%, family history of premature coronary artery disease 41%, hyperlipidemia18.5% and hypertension 14%. Diabetes was present only in 2.1%. Among females: 11% were current users of oral contraceptives pills, 3.4% were post menopausal and 0.87% pregnant. Mean BMI was 25.4 +/- 5.2 and total cholesterol and triglyceride were 278 +/- 31mg/dl and 180 +/- 28mg/dl respectively. Normal coronary angiogram is infrequently observed in catheterization laboratories and mostly found in younger to middle aged females. Smoking is very common in such patients. Hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus are not frequently present in these patients.
RESUMO
To determine the frequency of hyponatremia and in-hospital clinical outcomes in hyponatremic patients hospitalized for heart failure.This was a descriptive study conducted in department of cardiology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar. Both male and female patients aged 14 years and above admitted with heart failure fulfilling the inclusion criteria, were included in the study. Patients were subjected to detailed history and clinical examination. Admission Serum sodium was measured in all patients. All the patients were managed according to guidelines. All patients were followed for in hospital mortality and length of hospital stay [LOHS].The total number of patients was 241. Mean age was 59.2 +/- 14.9 [range 18-100] years. Females were 123 [51%] patients. Mean serum sodium was 136 +/- 5.1mmol/L. Hyponatremia [serum sodium